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Cazarma Transilvania - Enciclopedia României - prima enciclopedie online despre România

Cazarma Transilvania

de la Enciclopedia României

Salt la: navigare, căutare
Cazarma Transilvaniei şi turnul de observaţie
Diferite perspective asupra clădirii.
Sursa foto: Arhivele Naţionale Timiş

Cazarma Transilvania sau Cazarma Ardeleană a fost o clădire din Timişoara construită între 1719 - 1730 şi demolată între 1961 - 1965. Avea o lungime de 483 de metri, ceea ce făcea din ea una din cele mai lungi clădiri din Europa. Era amplasată pe locul actualului Parc al Poporului şi Hotel Continental.

Construcţia

Construcţia Cazărmii Ardelene s-a făcut în mai multe etape şi a început în 1719 (după alte surse, în 1723[1]), după ce austriecii i-au învins pe turci şi i-au alungat din Timişoara şi din Banat. Cel care a început-o a fost Contele Mercy. Construcţia a început pe locul unde existaseră vechile şanţuri ale cetăţii. Din acest motiv, clădirea a fost făcută într-o formă mai puţin obişnuită, cu multe curbe. În secolul XVIII, în curtea cazărmii încă mai trecea apa Begheiului şi portul Timişoarei era amplasat acolo. Odată cu regularizarea Begăi, cursul râului a fost mutat mai la sud iar canalul din curtea Cazărmii a fost acoperit. Lucrări ample de construcţie s-au desfăşurat între 1727-1730.

Turnul

În partea de est era Poarta Ardeleană. În partea de nord, spre centrul cetăţii, exista un turn, de unde paznicii vegheau şi semnalau eventuale pericole. Turnul a fost proiectat în 1727 şi terminat de construit în 1728.

Demolarea

Demolarea cazărmii a început în anul 1961 şi a fost terminată în 1965. Scopul era construirea unui nou centru civic, dar acesta nu s-a mai materializat. Pe locul acesteia a fost înfiinţat actualul Parc Civic.

Bibliografie

  • Ilieşiu, N. - Timişoara. Monografie istorică, Timişoara, 1943
  • Opriş, Mircea - Timişoara. Mică monografie urbanistică, Editura Tehnică, Bucureşti, 1987

Note

  1. Mică Monografie, p.42