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Spătar - Enciclopedia României - prima enciclopedie online despre România

Spătar

de la Enciclopedia României

Salt la: navigare, căutare

În Evul Mediu, spătarul era un mare dregător din Moldova şi Ţara Românească, cu atribuţii militare. Dregător de curte, el purta la ceremonii însemnele autorităţii domnului (sabia şi buzduganul). Mai târziu a evoluat în importanţă şi a devenit comandant militar pe câmpul de luptă. Putea comanda cavaleria sau chiar întreaga armată. Ca mare dregător făcea parte din sfatul domnesc. Subalternii săi erau vtorispătarii, tretispătarii si spătăreii, care alcătuiau o categorie militară, organizată în cete, în fruntea căruia era un vătaf.

Pe măsură ce efectivele armatei s-au redus, a căpătat tot mai multe atribuţii poliţieneşti, la fel ca şi aga. Elibera paşapoarte („pasuşuri”) sau răvaşe de trecere, iar în capitală se ocupa de poliţie, judeca pricinile din mahalale Bucureştilor şi asigura paza oraşului. Dregătoria de mare spătar s-a menţinut şi după adoptarea Regulamentelor Organice.

Prima menţionare documentară a spătarului datează din 10 iunie 1415 în Ţara Românească şi 24 aprilie 1434 în Moldova. În documentele latine apare cu numele spatharius, supremus ensifer sau armiger.

Bibliografie

  • Academia Republicii Populare Române, Dicţionar Enciclopedic Român, Editura Politică, Bucureşti, 1962-1964
  • Sachelarie, Ovid; Stoicescu, Nicolae (coord.), Instituţii feudale din ţările române. Dicţionar, Editura Academiei Republicii Socialiste România, Bucureşti, 1988
  • Scorpan, Costin, Istoria României. Enciclopedie, Editura Nemira, Bucureşti, 1997 ISBN 973-569-180-9