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Ahtum - Enciclopedia României - prima enciclopedie online despre România

Ahtum

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Ahtum (sau Ohtum, n.? - d. 1021) a fost conducătorul unei formaţiuni politice din Banat, în perioada Evului Mediu timpuriu (secolul al XI-lea).

Domnia lui Ahtum este menţionată documentar de Legenda Sancti Gerhardi şi de Gesta Hungarorum, ultima lucrare fiind scrisă de Anonymus.

Ahtum a stăpânit între anii 1008-1018 peste o zonă din Banat mai mare decât antecesorul său, Glad. Centrul administrativ al ducatului era la Morisena (azi Cenad, judeţul Timiş), iar limitele până la care se întindea autoritatea lui Ahtum erau la nord râul Criş (probabil Crişul Alb, nu se ştie cu precizie), iar la sud Severinul şi Vidinul. Acest teritoriu s-a numit Maresiana.

Centrul administrativ de la Cenad era bine dezvoltat şi bogat, Ahtum bazându-se pe forţa economică a populaţiei, înstărită, precum şi pe nobilii care se aflau în jurul său şi care îl susţineau. Armata avea de asemenea o bună dezvoltare.

Ahtum s-a creştinat în rit ortodox la Vidin şi a întemeiat la Morisena o mănăstire cu hramul Sfântul Ioan Botezătorului, în jurul anului 1002. Este cea mai veche mănăstire ortodoxă atestată documentar de pe teritoriul ţării noastre. După cucerirea maghiară, această mănăstire îşi va continua existenţa, dar în rit catolic, impus de noii stăpâni.

Ducatul lui Ahtum se afla în relaţii diplomatice cu Bizanţul, fiind probabil vasal acestuia.

Creşterea puterii ducatului lui Ahtum declanşează conflictul cu regele maghiar Ştefan cel Sfânt, sub care ungurii se creştinaseră în anul 1000. În luptele care urmează, Ahtum este înfrânt de oştile maghiare conduse de Sumad, nepotul regelui ungur. La porunca regelui Ştefan a numit ţara Cinadina iar clerul mănăstirii Sf. Gheorghe a trecut la religia catolică.

În anul 1021, Ahtum este ucis în luptă în timpul conflictului cu regalitatea maghiară. Locul unde este înmormântat nu se cunoaşte.

Bibliografie

  • Popescu, Petru Demetru - Dicţionar de personalităţi istorice: voievozi, principi, domnitori, regi, Editura Niculescu, Bucureşti, 2005 ISBN 973-568-965-0
  • Predescu, Lucian - Enciclopedia României. Cugetarea, Editura Saeculum, Bucureşti, 1999 ISBN 973-9399-03-7