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Breb - Enciclopedia României - prima enciclopedie online despre România

Breb

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Satul
Breb

Judeţul Maramureş (MM)

Stema judetului Maramures.png
Breb.JPG
Atestare 1360
Populaţie 1.184 locuitori (2002)

Împărţirea administrativ-teritorială a României

Breb este un sat din judeţul Maramureş, comuna Ocna Şugatag. Are o populaţie de 1.184 locuitori (2002). Se situează pe valea Cosăului, la poalele Munţilor Gutâi.

Etimologie

Numele satului provine de la o specie de castori, odinioară foarte răspândiţi aici, astăzi dispăruţi. Mai demult el se mai chema şi Brebi. Administraţia maghiară l-a numit Hódpataka şi Bréb.

Istorie

Este atestat documentar pentru prima dată în 1360 cu numele „Villa Olahalis Hatpatokfalva”, proprietate a lui Giula din Giuleşti.[1] Nobilimea maghiară a înfiinţat aici în 1846 o staţiune balneară, care atingea până la 300 de vizitatori.[2] Ea a fost distrusă în revoluţia de la 1918.

Populaţie

Odată cu primele recensăminte moderne din secolul XIX, se înregistrează clar numărul de locuitori. Astfel, la 1880 Brebul avea 1.139 locuitori, dintre care 976 erau români şi 163 evrei declaraţi maghiari. Cel mai mare număr de locuitori a fost înregistrat la recensământul din 1941, când au fost contabilizaţi 1.754 de persoane, dintre care 1.603 români. După război, numărul de locuitori a scăzut în continuu, ajungând la 1.184 de locuitori în 2002.

Sub raport confesional, Brebul a fost în trecut un sat greco-catolic, cu foarte puţini ortodocşi şi o minoritate de evrei. Instaurarea regimului comunist şi scoaterea în afara legii a bisericii greco-catolice, a dus la trecerea locuitorilor la religia orodoxă. Conform recensământului din 2002, 131 de locuitori sunt greco-catolici şi 1.010 sunt ortodocşi. <lines size=340x160 title="Evoluţia populaţiei" ymin=0 ymax=1800 colors=003153,F5B800,BFFF00 xlabel ylabel=4 grid=xy legend>

,total,români, alte etnii

1880,1139,976,163 1900,1531,1341,190 1910,1690,1470,220 1930,1683,1528,155 1941,1754,1603,151 1966,1526,1526,0 1977,1431,1431,0 1992,1307,1307,0 2002,1184,1182,2 </lines>

Turism

În prezent satul Breb s-a transformat într-o destinaţie turistică destul de importantă, atât pentru patrimoniul tradiţional şi arhitectural care s-a păstrat aici, cât şi pentru posibilitatea de a explora obiectivele turistice naturale din apropiere.

Obiective turistice

Poartă maramureşeană
  • Biserica greco-catolică din lemn "Sf. Arhangheli", monument istoric naţional, construită în secolul XIV
  • Biserica ortodoxă
  • Vâltoarea şi moara
  • Vârful Gutâi (1.443 m)
  • Creasta Cocoşului (rezervaţie naturală)
  • Tăul Morărenilor (rezervaţie naturală)
  • Tăul Chendroaiei (rezervaţie naturală)

Bibliografie

  • Filipaşcu, Alexandru, Istoria Maramureşului, Gutinul, Baia Mare, 1997 ISBN 973-9190-41-3

Note

  1. Filipaşcu, p.90
  2. Filipaşcu, p.137