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Calea ferată Oraviţa - Anina - Enciclopedia României - prima enciclopedie online despre România

Calea ferată Oraviţa - Anina

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Calea ferată Oraviţa - Anina, supranumită „Semeringul bănăţean”, este una din cele mai vechi căi ferate din România. Dată în folosinţă în 1863, este o realizare tehnică remarcabilă şi a fost declarată monument istoric naţional.

Construcţia

Tren pe viaductul de la intrarea în Anina, 1929

Scopul construirii acestei căi ferate era în principal transportul produselor miniere din Banatul montan către Oraviţa şi Baziaş, iar de acolo, pe Dunăre, către Austria. Calea ferată de la Oraviţa la Anina a venit ca o completare a căii ferate de la Baziaş la Oraviţa, începută în 1847 şi finalizată în 1854.

A costat în 1860 5 milioane de florini şi a fost construită în mare parte cu specialişti aduşi din Italia. Începută de administraţia austriacă, a fost vândută în 1855 multinaţionalei StEG (Österreichisch-Ungarische Staats-Eisenbahngesellschaft), specializată în construcţia de căi ferate, care a finalizat-o în 1860.

Caracteristici tehnice

Pe 34 km, linia Oraviţa - Anina are 10 viaducte, 14 tuneluri cu o lungime totală de 2.084 m, 9.946 m de apeducte şi 21.171 m tăieturi în stânci. Curba cea mai strânsă de pe această linie are 114 m, faţă de 150 m cât era curba standard minimă. Linia urcă de la altitudinea de 218,7 m la Oraviţa, până la 556,4 m la Anina, aşadar o urcare de 337 m în 34 km Urcarea maximă se înregistrează la Lişava şi Gârlişte.

Traseu

Traseul este parcurs de trenul personal în circa 1 oră şi 58 minute.

Bibliografie

  • Moldovan, Simeon Samson - Judeţul Caraş şi oraşul Oraviţa : scurtă monografie istorică, Oraviţa : Tipografia Iosif Kaden, 1933