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Sovromtransport - Enciclopedia României - prima enciclopedie online despre România

Sovromtransport

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MR.png
NAVE ROMÂNEŞTI
PORTURI ROMÂNEŞTI
COMPANII NAVALE
ÎNSEMNE VEXILARE

Sovromtransport a fost o societate de navigaţie româno-sovietică de tip „Sovrom”, prima de acest tip, înfiinţată la 14 iulie 1945 şi care avea ca scop exploatarea în comun a mijloacelor şi resurselor de transport ale Statului Român, în vederea plăţii datoriei de război către Uniunea Sovietică.

Înfiinţarea ei a avut loc în contextul armistiţiului încheiat în 1944 de România cu Uniunea Sovietică. Armistiţiul prevedea ca navele comerciale maritime şi fluviale să fie preluate de partea sovietică, ca o contribuţie a părţii române la efortul de susţinere a războiului antihitlerist. România a contribuit cu 16 nave. O dată războiul încheiat, în 1945, din cele 16 nave ale flotei maritime din dotarea Serviciului Maritim Român, preluate de sovietici, doar două au mai fost returnate. Era vorba despre motonava „Transilvania” şi de vaporul mixt „Ardeal”.

La constituirea Sovromtransport, partea sovietică a contribuit cu patru cargouri, iar partea română a contribuit cu cele două nave dar, mai important, cu închirierea şantierelor navale de la Constanţa, Drobeta Turnu-Severin şi Brăila. Cargourile sovietice se aflau într-un stadiu avansat de uzură şi necesitau reparaţii constante. În următorii ani, au mai fost achiziţionate alte patru cargouri, două construite în România şi două construite în Ungaria.

Societatea a fost desfiinţată în 1954, lăsând locul Întreprinderii de Navigaţie Maritime - NAVROM, înfiinţată prin HCM 368 şi aflată sub controlul exclusiv al Statului Român.

Bibliografie

  • Banu, Floran, Asalt asupra economiei României - De la Solagra la Sovrom (1936 - 1956), Editura Nemira, 2004 ISBN 973-569-652-5
  • Constantinescu, N.N., Istoria economică a României, Vol.2, Editura Economică, Bucureşti, 1998