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Ştefan cel Mare - Enciclopedia României - prima enciclopedie online despre România

Ştefan cel Mare

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Ştefan cel Mare
Stefan cel Mare.jpg
Naţionalitate român
Născut 1433, Borzeşti
Decedat 2 iulie 1504, Suceava
Ocupaţie Domnitor al Moldovei
1457 — 1504
Căsătorit cu Evdokia Olelkovici, Maria din Mangop, Maria Vochiţa
Părinţi Bogdan al II-lea, Doamna Oltea

Ştefan al III-lea (n. 1433, Borzeşti - d. 2 iulie 1504, Suceava), cunoscut mai ales sub numele de Ştefan cel Mare sau Ştefan cel Mare şi Sfânt a fost fiul lui Bogdan al II-lea şi domn al Moldovei aproape o jumătate de veac, între anii 1457 şi 1504. A făcut parte din familia Muşatinilor, una dintre cele mai importante dinastii domnitoare ale Moldovei. Pe parcursul domniei sale de 47 de ani a luptat împotriva imperiului otoman, motiv pentru care a primit titlul de Athleta Christi de la Papa Sixt al IV-lea.

S-a înscăunat la data de 14 aprilie 1456 pe Câmpia de la Direptate.

Bătălii

În timpul domniei sale, voievodul Ştefan cel Mare a purtat 36 bătălii pentru apărarea ţării sale, 34 dintre acestea căştigându-le, deşi inamicii au avut de fiecare dată o zdrobitoare superioritate numerică.


Bătălia de la Vaslui (denumită şi bătălia de la Podul Înalt)


Armata otomană, constituită din 120.000 soldaţi turci şi 17.000 soldaţi munteni a intrat în Moldova în plină iarnă. Cu doar 40.000 ostaşi, Ştefan cel Mare înfrânge imensa oaste inamică la data de 10 ianuarie 1475, la Podul Înalt.

Bătălia de la Războieni

Ca urmare a înfrângerii de la Podul Înalt, însuşi sultanul Mahomed al II-lea, cuceritorul Constantinopolelui, conduce armata otomană în Moldova, în anul 1476. Aceasta era constituită din 200.000 soldaţi otomani şi 20.000 tătari. Oastea moldoveană, formată din 12.000 luptători, este înfrântă la Războieni, la data de 26 iulie 1476.

Biografie

Bibliografie

Domnitorii Moldovei
DragoşSasBogdan ILaţcuCosteaPetru IRoman IŞtefan IIugaAlexandru cel BunIliaş IŞtefan al II-leaPetru al II-leaRoman al II-leaCiubăr VodăAlexăndrelBogdan al II-leaPetru AronŞtefan cel MareBogdan cel OrbŞtefăniţă VodăPetru RareşŞtefan LăcustăAlexandru CorneaIliaş RareşŞtefan RareşIoan JoldeaAlexandru LăpuşneanuDespot VodăŞtefan TomşaBogdan LăpuşneanuIoan Vodă cel CumplitPetru ŞchiopulIoan PotcoavăIancu SasulAron TiranulAlexandru cel RăuPetru CazaculŞtefan RăzvanIeremia MovilăMihai ViteazulSimion MovilăMihail MovilăConstantin MovilăŞtefan Tomşa al II-leaAlexandru MovilăRadu MihneaGaspar GrazianiAlexandru IliaşMiron Barnovschi-MovilăAlexandru CoconulMoise MovilăVasile LupuGheorghe ŞtefanGheorghe GhicaConstantin Şerban BasarabŞtefăniţă LupuEustatie DabijaGheorghe DucaIliaş AlexandruŞtefan PetriceicuDumitraşcu CantacuzinoAntonie RusetConstantin CantemirDimitrie CantemirConstantin DucaAntioh Cantemir • log. Ioan BuhuşMihai RacoviţăNicolae Mavrocordat • caim. Lupu Costachi • caim. Ioan MavrocordatGrigore al II-lea GhicaConstantin MavrocordatIoan N. MavrocordatIordache StavrachiConstantin RacoviţăMatei GhicaScarlat GhicaIoan Teodor CallimachiGrigore CallimachiGrigore al III-lea GhicaConstantin MoruziAlexandru I MavrocordatAlexandru al II-lea MavrocordatAlexandru Vodă IpsilantiEmanuel Giani-RusetAlexandru MoruziMihai ŞuţuAlexandru CallimachiConstantin IpsilantiAlexandru Suţu • log. Iordache ContaScarlat CallimachiAlexandru Hangerli • caim. Iordache Ruset-Roznovanu • Mitrop. Veniamin CostacheMihail Şuţu • caim. Ştefan VogorideIoniţă Sandu SturdzaMihail SturdzaGrigore Alexandru Ghica • caim. Teodor Balş • caim. Nicolae Vogoride • caim. Ştefan Catargiu/I. A. Cantacuzino, Vasile Sturdza şi Anastasie PanuAlexandru Ioan Cuza