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Hermannstädter Allgemeine Sparkasse - Enciclopedia României - prima enciclopedie online despre România

Hermannstädter Allgemeine Sparkasse

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Obligaţiune garantată emisă de bancă în 1909

Hermannstädter Allgemeine Sparkasse (în limba română Casa Generală de Economii din Sibiu) a fost cea mai mare şi mai puternică bancă săsească, înfiinţată în 1841, cu sediul la Sibiu.

Istoric

Banca a fost înfiinţată în 1941, la iniţiativa lui Friederich Michael Herber, după modelul Primei Case de Economii Austriece din Viena, cu un capital de bază de 1.322 florini, subscris de 97 de membri fondatori. S-a constituit pe baze cooperatiste, cu caracter strict săsesc, protejat printr-un statut care împiedica înstrăinarea cotelor de participare la capitalul băncii. Între 1885 - 1910, preşedintele băncii a fost Karl Wolff iar din 1887 a fost transformată în societate pe acţiuni. Datorită puterii sale, banca s-a transformat în centrală pentru micile cooperative de credit de tip Raiffeisen şi a cooperativelor de consum săseşti. A înfiinţat chiar o centrală a cooperativelor de consum la Sibiu, spre marea nemulţumire a comercianţilor saşi, motiv pentru care a trebuit dizolvată.

În 1914 avea un capital de 1.500.000 coroane , din care bisericile şi fundaţiile săseşti deţineau cote importante. A desfăşurat operaţiuni de împrumut financiar, de credit ipotecar, a emis scrieri ipotecare plasate cu precădere în Olanda. Totodată urmărea o politică activă de plasamente imobiliare. S-a implicat şi în susţinerea financiară a proiectelor culturale şi sociale ale saşilor. Era proprietara „Muntelui de pietate” din Sibiu, a finanţat Banca Populară şi Sanatoriul din Sibiu.

În jurul acestei bănci, Sibiul s-a conturat drept centrul regional financiar al saşilor. A reprezentat un model pentru numeroase alte bănci mai mici, precum şi pentru românii din Sibiu care au înfiinţat prima lor bancă, Banca Albina, după model săsesc.

În perioada interbelică, preşedintele consiliului de administraţie al băncii a fost Hans Otto Roth. Atunci banca avea sucursale în Mediaş, Sighişoara, Cisnădie, Orăştie, Braşov, Cluj, Bistriţa, Arad, Sântana, Timişoara sau Lovrin. Poziţia sa era consolidată prin încorporarea mai multor bănci săseşti locale precum Burzenländer Bank, Mediascher Bank, Bistritzer Sparkassen, Schässburger Vereinigte Gewerbe, Banca de credite din Orăştie etc.

Bibliografie

  • Enciclopedia Minerva, Editura Comitetului de redacţie al Enciclopediei Române Minerva, Cluj 1929
  • Dronca, Lucian, Băncile româneşti din Transilvania în perioada dualismului austro-ungar (1867 - 1918), Editura Presa Universitară Clujeană, Cluj-Napoca 2003 ISBN

Bibliografie recomandată

  • Klein, Christoph, Gustav Adolf Klein und die Hermannstädter Allgemeine Sparkassa., Editura Kriterion, Bucureşti, 1995
  • Wolff, Karl, Die Geschichte der Hermannstädter Allgemeine Sparkassa während der ersten fünfzig Jahre ihres Bestandes (von 1841 bis 1891). Jubiläums Festivalist, Hermannstadt, 1891