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Salonta - Enciclopedia României - prima enciclopedie online despre România

Salonta

de la Enciclopedia României

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Municipiul
Salonta

Judeţul Bihor (BH)

Stema judetului Bihor.png
Localităţi componente
Atestare 1606
Suprafaţă 9,5 km²
Populaţie 18389[1] locuitori
Densitate 1935,6 loc/km²
Altitudine medie 90 metri n. m.
Primar Török Laszló
Pagină web www.salonta.ro

Împărţirea administrativ-teritorială a României

Municipiul Salonta este situat în extremitatea de vest a României, în Câmpia Crişurilor, la 38 km sud-vest de municipiul Oradea şi la 14 km est de graniţa cu Ungaria, pe malurile pârâului Culişer, pe şoseaua care leagă Oradea de municipiul Arad.

Istoric

Atestarea localităţii este făcută în anul 1331, când apare sub numele de Zalancha. Teritoriul oraşului a fost locuit din timpuri străvechi, începând cu neoliticul, dovezi ale locuirii ulterioare fiind tezaurele romane şi daco-romane descoperite aici.[2]

Este pustiită în anul 1241 de către tătari, iar în anul 1598 de către turcii care se retrăgeau din Oradea. Principele ardelean Bocskai István (Ştefan Bocskai) contribuie în anul 1606 la ridicarea oraşului Salonta. Fortificaţia oraşului se ridică în anul 1638 şi la 6 octombrie acelaşi an principele ardelean Gheorghe Rákóczi I îl înfrânge la Salonta pe Ştefan Bethlen, aliat cu turcii. În anul 1658, la porunca stăpânirii, fortificaţia este dărâmată, de frică să nu cadă intactă în mâinile turcilor. Din toată fortificaţia s-a păstrat până în zilele noastre doar Turnul Ciunt.

Obiective turistice

  • Turnul Ciunt, fost turn de observaţie în secolul al XVII-lea ce adăposteşte astăzi muzeul Arany János

Relaţii externe

Salonta este înfrăţită cu următoarele localităţi:

  • Nagykőrös, Ungaria
  • Túrkeve, Ungaria
  • Sarkad, Ungaria
  • Bekéscsaba,Ungaria
  • Csepel, Ungaria
  • Hajdúböszörmény, Ungaria
  • Rimavská Sobota, Slovacia

Bibliografie

  • Ghinea, Dan - Enciclopedia geografică a României, Editura Enciclopedică, Bucureşti, 2000
  • Vlăsceanu, Gheorghe - Oraşele României, Editura Odeon, Bucureşti 1998, ISBN 973-9008-69-0
  • Crişan, Ioan - Aşezări rurale medievale din Crişana, secolele X-XIII, Editura Muzeului Ţării Crişurilor, Oradea, 2006, ISBN 973-7621-00-X

Bibliografie suplimentară

  • Coriolan Suciu, Dicţionarul istoric al localităţilor din Transilvania, 1967
  • Cornea, Lucia, Contribuţii la o istorie a oraşului Salonta în perioada interbelică 1919-1945, Editura Muzeului Ţării Crişurilor, Oradea, 2005 ISBN 973-87-388-4-9
  • Szathmáry, Anita; Szathmáry, László; Tóth, Gizella; Varga, Nóra, Salonta în 101 de imagini, Prolog, Oradea, 2006 ISBN 973-7746-19-8

Note

  1. Populaţia la 1 iulie 2007
  2. Vlăsceanu, p.414

Legături externe